Object Perception

Directions:
Select the BEST response alternative for each of the questions below.

1. Patient Y.M. has accurate color perception, his shape perception is accurate, but he cannot determine an object's function simply by examining it visually. Your diagnosis?

A) Topographic agnosia.

B) Prosopagnosia.

C) Object agnosia.

D) Anosoagnosia.

2. What is the biggest difference between bottom-up processing and top-down processing?

A) Bottom-up processing requires physical stimuli; top-down processing does not.

B) Bottom-up processing is primarily neurological; top-down processing is primarily psychological.

C) Top-down processing requires prior experience; bottom-up processing does not.

D) Top-down processing is more advanced; it builds on the more basic bottom-up processing.

3. Which of the following is an example of bottom-up processing?

A) Perceiving the color green when looking at leaves.

B) Perceiving that a flower is a tulip.

C) Perceiving that an image is symmetrical.

D) Perceiving that a man walking down the street is familiar.

4. You watch as a classmate puts a series of identical notecards on her desk. You perceive six separate cards. Your perception is a result of:

A) grouping.

B) segregation.

C) recognition.

D) representation.

5. Gestalt psychologists believe that:

A) human perception focuses on the smallest piece.

B) the human brain lacks self-organizing tendencies.

C) human perception focuses on the big picture.

D) the human brain must rely on unconscious inference.

6. Which of the following is TRUE in figure-ground organization?

A) The top of a scene tends to be seen as figure and the bottom as background.

B) A figure with asymmetrical borders is more likely to be judged as being in the foreground than in the background.

C) A figure is more likely to be perceived as being in the foreground if it is perceived to be on the convex side of a border.

D) A figure with illusory contours is likely to be perceived as both foreground and background.

7. Which gestalt grouping law states that elements that are moving together tend to be perceived as a unified group?

A) Law of proximity.

B) Law of similarity.

C) Law of symmetry.

D) Law of common fate.

8. The physiological explanation for illusory contours arises from studies on V2 neurons in the brains of monkeys. What did the studies find?

A) Edge detection cells in V2 did not respond to illusory contours, but cells in the inferotemporal cortex did.

B) Edge detection cells responded to illusory edges as strongly as they did to real ones.

C) Illusory contours do not produce activity in V1 or V2.

D) Monkeys are unable to perceive illusory contours.

9. What is one reason that recognition by components theory has fallen into disfavor?

A) The number of existing geons is hard to determine.

B) Geons can be difficult to identify in real settings.

C) It cannot account for variation in viewpoint.

D) It cannot account for letter and face recognition.

10. Based on what you have learned about object perception research, which airport security screening team is likely to be most effective?

A) Raj is trained in edge completion, Sheila is trained in image-ground organization, and Daryn is trained in perceptual grouping.

B) Raj is trained in top-down processing, Sheila is trained in bottom-up processing, and Daryn is trained in perceptual organization.

C) Raj looks for knives, Sheila looks for box cutters, and Daryn looks for guns.

D) Raj focuses on facial features, Sheila focuses on weapons, and Daryn focuses on movements.

11. An area of the occipital lobe involved in both color vision and shape perception is:

A) posterial parietal.

B) V4.

C) anterior cingulate.

D) MT.

12. One of the issues that is delaying the introduction of self-driving cars is:

A) designing an object recognition system that can recognize objects as being the same, despite the angle at which the system is looking at that object.

B) designing a car that can respond in real time to the angle of the camera.

C) that recognition-by-components is difficult to instantiate in a computerized system.

D) that computer systems have a difficult time with top-down processing.

End of Quiz!

Your score out of 100%: %

The correct answers are marked by a "C" in the box before each question. The incorrect questions are marked by an "X".

1.	Patient Y.M. has accurate color perception, his shape perception is accurate, but he cannot determine an object's function simply by examining it visually. Your diagnosis?
	A)	Topographic agnosia.
	B)	Prosopagnosia.
	C)	Object agnosia.
	D)	Anosoagnosia.
2.	What is the biggest difference between bottom-up processing and top-down processing?
	A)	Bottom-up processing requires physical stimuli; top-down processing does not.
	B)	Bottom-up processing is primarily neurological; top-down processing is primarily psychological.
	C)	Top-down processing requires prior experience; bottom-up processing does not.
	D)	Top-down processing is more advanced; it builds on the more basic bottom-up processing.
3.	Which of the following is an example of bottom-up processing?
	A)	Perceiving the color green when looking at leaves.
	B)	Perceiving that a flower is a tulip.
	C)	Perceiving that an image is symmetrical.
	D)	Perceiving that a man walking down the street is familiar.
4.	You watch as a classmate puts a series of identical notecards on her desk. You perceive six separate cards. Your perception is a result of:
	A)	grouping.
	B)	segregation.
	C)	recognition.
	D)	representation.
5.	Gestalt psychologists believe that:
	A)	human perception focuses on the smallest piece.
	B)	the human brain lacks self-organizing tendencies.
	C)	human perception focuses on the big picture.
	D)	the human brain must rely on unconscious inference.
6.	Which of the following is TRUE in figure-ground organization?
	A)	The top of a scene tends to be seen as figure and the bottom as background.
	B)	A figure with asymmetrical borders is more likely to be judged as being in the foreground than in the background.
	C)	A figure is more likely to be perceived as being in the foreground if it is perceived to be on the convex side of a border.
	D)	A figure with illusory contours is likely to be perceived as both foreground and background.
7.	Which gestalt grouping law states that elements that are moving together tend to be perceived as a unified group?
	A)	Law of proximity.
	B)	Law of similarity.
	C)	Law of symmetry.
	D)	Law of common fate.
8.	The physiological explanation for illusory contours arises from studies on V2 neurons in the brains of monkeys. What did the studies find?
	A)	Edge detection cells in V2 did not respond to illusory contours, but cells in the inferotemporal cortex did.
	B)	Edge detection cells responded to illusory edges as strongly as they did to real ones.
	C)	Illusory contours do not produce activity in V1 or V2.
	D)	Monkeys are unable to perceive illusory contours.
9.	What is one reason that recognition by components theory has fallen into disfavor?
	A)	The number of existing geons is hard to determine.
	B)	Geons can be difficult to identify in real settings.
	C)	It cannot account for variation in viewpoint.
	D)	It cannot account for letter and face recognition.
10.	Based on what you have learned about object perception research, which airport security screening team is likely to be most effective?
	A)	Raj is trained in edge completion, Sheila is trained in image-ground organization, and Daryn is trained in perceptual grouping.
	B)	Raj is trained in top-down processing, Sheila is trained in bottom-up processing, and Daryn is trained in perceptual organization.
	C)	Raj looks for knives, Sheila looks for box cutters, and Daryn looks for guns.
	D)	Raj focuses on facial features, Sheila focuses on weapons, and Daryn focuses on movements.
11.	An area of the occipital lobe involved in both color vision and shape perception is:
	A)	posterial parietal.
	B)	V4.
	C)	anterior cingulate.
	D)	MT.
12.	One of the issues that is delaying the introduction of self-driving cars is:
	A)	designing an object recognition system that can recognize objects as being the same, despite the angle at which the system is looking at that object.
	B)	designing a car that can respond in real time to the angle of the camera.
	C)	that recognition-by-components is difficult to instantiate in a computerized system.
	D)	that computer systems have a difficult time with top-down processing.